داستان آبیدیک

sub saharan africa


فارسی

1 سیاسی و روابط بین الملل:: جنوب صحرای آفریقا

In multi-ethnic states, in particular post- colonial states (for example in sub-Saharan Africa), this has led to the forma- tion of political parties that reflect ethnic rather than economic coherence. Transitions born of crisis are, of course, not consistent in their outcomes, illustrated by the shifting contest between democracy and authoritarianism throughout Latin America and in countries such as Thailand and in much of Sub-Saharan Africa. According to this index, the top 9, and 14 of the top 20 failed states are in Sub-Saharan Africa. The prob- lem in Sub-Saharan Africa was that, in almost all cases, political suppression became an end in itself, reducing government accountability, creating an unfavorable administrative and investment climate (which further distanced economic reality from political expectations), and reducing pressure on gov- ernments to live up to popular expectations. "Liberalized currencies" often effectively increase foreign denominated debt, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, leading to greater capital outflows, and hence poverty (Moore 2003: Chapter 3).

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2 علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی:: آفریقای زیر صحرا

It has deprived many millions of children, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, of their parents, older siblings, and relatives in a long wasting dis- ease that has taken its toll before their eyes. Combating child labour and HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review of policies, programmes, and projects in South Africa, Tanzania and Zambia to identify good practices, HIV-AIDS and Child Labour Papers No. 1, (Geneva, ILO) An essay on child labor in Sub-Saharan Africa: A bargaining approach.

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